Project:Plural Research

This page is a listing for academic resources or research on plurality and associated topics. If you are seeing this page via the Discord bot, please click the link to view the full listing below.

Please note that this page offers no commentary, support or criticism on the resources listed here. It is simply a listing of research, nothing more. Use your own judgment.

Warning: Some of these documents present arguments against plurality; take caution when reading.

For resources that are yet to be vetted or classified and do not appear here yet, also see Project:Plural Research/Review Pending.

(To do: Actually vet these documents at some point and add individual warnings or remove them as needed)

Psychiatric Publications[edit | edit source]

Adams, M. (1989). Internal self helpers of persons with multiple personality disorder. Dissociation : Vol. 2, No. 3, p. 138-143

- referenced on: ISH

Allison, R. (1978). Psychotherapy of multiple personality.

- referenced on: ISH

Anderson (2014). Neural mechanisms of motivated forgetting.

- referenced on: false memory

Barlow, M. (2014). Measuring fragmentation in dissociative identity disorder: the integration measure and relationship to switching and time in therapy. European Journal of Psychotraumatology

- referenced on: integration

Becker-Blease (2016). Additional Questions about the Applicability of “False Memory” Research: Invited commentary to accompany Brewin and Andrews (in press).

- referenced on: false memory

Binet, A. (1892). Alterations of Personality.

- referenced on: plurality

Blizard, R. (1997). Therapeutic Alliance with Abuser Alters in Dissociative Identity Disorder.

- referenced on: persecutor

Braun, B. (1986). Treatment of Multiple Personality Disorder.

- referenced on: polyfragmented

Braun, B. (1988). The BASK Model of Dissociation.

- referenced on: polyfragmented

Bremner, J. (1996). .Neural mechanisms in dissociative amnesia for childhood abuse: Relevance to the current controversy surrounding the "false memory syndrome.". The American Journal of Psychiatry

- referenced on: dissociative amnesia

Brown, A. (2012). Memory's Malleability: Its Role in Shaping Collective Memory and Social Identity.

- referenced on: false memory

Chu, J. (2011). Rebuilding Shattered Lives: Treating Complex PTSD and Dissociative Disorders.

- referenced on: polyfragmented

Clance, P. (1978). The imposter phenomenon in high achieving women: Dynamics and therapeutic intervention. Psychotherapy: Theory, Research & Practice

- referenced on: imposter syndrome

Comstock, C. (1991). The inner self helper and concepts of inner guidance: historical antecedents, its role within dissociation, and clinical utilization. Dissociation : Vol. 4, No. 3, p. 165-177

- referenced on: ISH

Coons, P. (1990). Commentary: ICD-10 and beyond. Dissociation : Vol. 3, No. 4, p. 216-217

- referenced on: mpd

Freyd, J. (1994). Betrayal Trauma: Traumatic Amnesia as an Adaptive Response to Childhood Abuse.

- referenced on: false memory

Janet, P. (1889). L'automatisme psychologique.

- referenced on: alter

Kluft, R. (1982). Varieties of Hypnotic Interventions in the Treatment of Multiple Personality. American Journal of Clinical Hypnosis
- Focus: hypnosis, therapy
- Terminology: alter, personality, multiple personality, switch, passive influence

- referenced on: alter, switching, plurality

Kluft, R., Steinberg, M., Spitzer, R. (1988). DSM-III-R Revisions in the Dissociative Disorders: An Exploration of their Derivation and Rationale. Dissociation : Vol. 1, No. 1, p. 039-046

- referenced on: mpd

Kluft, R. (1988). The phenomenology and treatment of extremely complex multiple personality disorder. Dissociation: Progress in the Dissociative Disorders
- Terminology: line of splits, epoch, self-diagnosis

- referenced on: alter, consciousness, order effect, polyfragmented

Kluft, R. (1991). Clinical presentations of multiple personality disorder.

- referenced on: modular, polyfragmented

Krishnan, N. (2005). Iatrogenic Disorders.

- referenced on: iatrogenic

Loewenstein, R. (2018). Dissociation Debates:Everything you know is wrong.

- referenced on: false memory

Lovern, J. (1993). Spin Programming: A Newly Uncovered Technique of Systematic Mind Control.

- referenced on: spinner, programming

Ludwig, A. (1972). The objective study of a multiple personality. Or, are four heads better than one?.
- Focus: case study
- Terminology: alter personality, switch over, evocation, coconscious

- referenced on: alter, switching, front trigger, consciousness

Martin, J. (1984-1985). Clinical contributions to the theory of the fictive personality. The Annual of Psychoanalysis, 12-13, 267–300

- referenced on: fictive

Miller, A. (2012). Healing the Unimaginable.

- referenced on: floater, shell

North, C. (2015). The Classification of Hysteria and Related Disorders: Historical and Phenomenological Considerations.

- referenced on: mpd

Orengo Garcia, F. (1990). The concept of dissociation and conversion in the new edition of the international classification of diseases (ICD-10). Dissociation : Vol. 3, No. 4, p. 204-208

- referenced on: mpd

Patihis (2015). Crashing Memory 2.0: False Memories in Adults for an Upsetting Childhood Event.

- referenced on: false memory

Peter, B. (2009). Altersregression.

- referenced on: age regression

Pezdek (2006). Is knowing believing? The role of event plausibility and background knowledge in planting false beliefs about the personal past.

- referenced on: false memory

Prince, M. (1970). Experiments in psychogalvanic reactions from co-conscious ideal in a case of multiple personality.

- referenced on: consciousness

Prince, M. (1970). Experiments to determine co-conscious (subconscious) ideation.

- referenced on: consciousness

Putnam, F. (1988). The switch process in multiple personality disorder and other state-change disorders.

- referenced on: consciousness switching, order effect

Roediger, H. (1997). Recovery of true and false memories: Paradoxical effects of repeated testing.

- referenced on: false memory

Sakulku, J. (2011). The imposter phenomenon. International Journal of Behavioral Science

- referenced on: imposter syndrome

Strack, F. (1992). “Order Effects” in Survey Research: Activation and Information Functions of Preceding Questions. Context Effects in Social and Psychological Research. Springer, New York, NY. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4612-2848-6_3

- referenced on: order effect

van der Hart, O (1989). The dissociation theory of Pierre Janet.

- referenced on: dissociation, alter

van der Kolk, B. (2002). Trauma and memory.

- referenced on: false memory

van der Kolk, B. (2014). The body keeps the score: Brain, mind, and body in the healing of trauma.

- referenced on: dissociative amnesia

Ward, T. (1849). Case of Double Consciousness Connected with Hysteria.

- referenced on: consciousness

General Plurality[edit | edit source]

Epidemiology of multiple personality disorder and dissociation, C.A. Ross, University of Manitoba, 1991

Intersectional Representation: LGBTQ+ and neurodiverse voices in transmedia fiction, Drak, Tynan, Ball State University December 2020

“Multiple Systems” versus Dissociative Identity Disorder: Life-Style or Mental Illness?, Sullivan, Megan; Lycoming College 2011 (CW: NSFW)

Multiplicity: An Explorative Interview Study on Personal Experiences of People with Multiple Selves, Gergő Ribáry, László Lajtai, Zsolt Demetrovics and Aniko Maraz, Department of Clinical Psychology and Addiction, Institute of Psychology 2017 (Warning: deliberate misgendering, pluralphobic vibe in narration)

Dissociative Disorders[edit | edit source]

Multiplex vs. multiple selves: Distinguishing dissociative disorders. The Monist, 82(4), 645-657, Hardcastle, V. G., & Flanagan, O. (1999)

A Phenomenological Inquiry into the Lived Experiences of Persons Diagnosed with Dissociative Identity Disorder, Hill, S. (2020)

Problem of “otherness” in dissociative disorder, Okano, K. (2019) (Warning: Author uses possibly offensive wording to interpret some people's testimonies.)